INNOVATIONS AND CHALLENGES IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MANAGEMENT

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive review of recent and emerging approaches in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), highlighting significant advancements in diagnostics, pharmacological therapies, and minimally invasive interventions. The integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) has enhanced diagnostic accuracy and personalized treatment, while new medications, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), have improved clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure and other CVDs. Percutaneous interventions, such as transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVI) and coronary angioplasty with drug-eluting stents, have demonstrated benefits in terms of recovery and quality of life. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, particularly regarding equitable access to new technologies and the sustainability of healthcare systems. The review underscores the need for a holistic approach that considers comorbidities and socioeconomic factors. Additionally, research gaps in therapy personalization and multidisciplinary care integration are identified, suggesting future investigation areas like the development of specific biomarkers and expanded use of remote monitoring technologies. In conclusion, while cardiology is undergoing promising transformations, balancing the adoption of new technologies with evidence-based practices is crucial to ensuring equitable access and effective care. Continued research and innovation are essential for advancing CVD management and improving patient quality of life.