EFICÁCIA DAS VACINAS CONTRA DENGUE NA PREVENÇÃO DA DOENÇA EM CRIANÇAS

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue, a viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, poses an
increasing challenge to global public health. With the spread of vectors into new regions
and the rising incidence of cases, the development of effective vaccines, such as
Dengvaxia (CYD-TDV) and QDENGA® (TAK-003), is crucial, especially for children,
who are the most affected. Objective: To analyze the main vaccines against dengue
available in the Brazilian market and assess their efficacy in reducing the disease burden
in children. Methodology: An integrative review was conducted using the PubMed,
Scielo, and Cochrane databases. A total of 12 articles were selected from an initial pool
of 61. Inclusion criteria involved articles published between 2020 and 2024, while paid
texts were excluded. Results: The analysis indicated that both vaccines demonstrate significant efficacy in reducing symptomatic dengue cases. CYD-TDV, licensed in 2015,
poses a risk of severe dengue in individuals who have not previously been exposed to the
virus due to Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE). TAK-003 exhibited high efficacy
across various age groups and demonstrated good tolerance, being recommended for
populations without the need for prior exposure. Conclusion: A comparison between
Dengvaxia and QDENGA shows that, while both are effective, TAK-003 stands out for
its safety and efficacy in individuals without prior viral exposure. Continuous monitoring
of efficacy and the potential need for booster doses remain essential for optimizing
vaccination strategies against dengue in Brazil.