Epidemiological Analysis of Tuberculosis Cases in the Northeast and Southeast Regions of Brazil (2019–2023)

Authors

  • Maria Eduarda Sousa Soares Universidad nacional de rosario
  • Evelyn Rayane Mendes Miranda
  • Janaina Kaylane Alves do Vale Barreto
  • Laryssa Karynne Lacerda Lopes
  • Matheus Ferreira da Costa Silva
  • Shaiane Mejolaro
  • Giovana de Miranda Franco Costa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36557/pbpc.v4i1.303

Keywords:

Tuberculose, Brasil, epidemiologia

Abstract

This ecological, observational, and temporal study aims to analyze the evolution of tuberculosis cases in Brazil between 2019 and 2023, focusing on regional differences between the Northeast and Southeast regions, and the socio-economic and behavioral factors associated with the disease. Using secondary data from the Notification of Diseases Information System (SINAN) obtained through DATASUS, the research analyzed confirmed tuberculosis cases, disaggregated by region, age group, gender, and smoking status. The results show a decline in confirmed cases in 2020, followed by a significant increase starting in 2021, with 2023 presenting the highest number of cases. A notable difference was also observed between the Southeast and Northeast regions, with the Southeast having a higher number of cases, although the ratio of cases per capita became similar in 2023. The age analysis revealed higher prevalence among adults aged 20 to 59, and the relationship between smoking and tuberculosis showed an increase in cases among smokers. The study suggests that public health policies need to be more effective, particularly in the Northeast, where socio-economic conditions and healthcare infrastructure negatively impact disease control. It is essential to intensify prevention strategies, early diagnosis, and awareness of risk factors such as smoking.

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References

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Published

2025-01-22

How to Cite

SOUSA SOARES, Maria Eduarda; MIRANDA, Evelyn Rayane Mendes; BARRETO, Janaina Kaylane Alves do Vale; LOPES, Laryssa Karynne Lacerda; SILVA, Matheus Ferreira da Costa; MEJOLARO, Shaiane; COSTA, Giovana de Miranda Franco. Epidemiological Analysis of Tuberculosis Cases in the Northeast and Southeast Regions of Brazil (2019–2023). Periódicos Brasil. Pesquisa Científica, Macapá, Brasil, v. 4, n. 1, p. 2453–2462, 2025. DOI: 10.36557/pbpc.v4i1.303. Disponível em: https://periodicosbrasil.emnuvens.com.br/revista/article/view/303. Acesso em: 27 sep. 2025.