GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINANTS OF MENTAL DISORDERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/pbpc.v3i1.33Keywords:
Mental disorders, genetic determinants, environmental determinants.Abstract
Mental disorders represent a major public health challenge, affecting millions of people worldwide. Understanding the genetic and environmental determinants behind these disorders is crucial for improving diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. This study aims to explore the complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of mental disorders, highlighting their clinical and therapeutic implications. Genetics play a significant role in predisposition to mental disorders, with robust evidence of heredity in various disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. Molecular genetics studies have identified a variety of genetic variants associated with these disorders, although the inheritance model is complex and multifactorial, involving multiple genes of small effect, gene-environment interactions, and epigenetics. In addition to genetic factors, the environment plays a crucial role in the phenotypic expression of mental disorders. Traumatic experiences in childhood, chronic stress, substance abuse, social adversities, and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions are just a few examples of environmental factors that can increase the risk of developing mental disorders. The interaction between genetic and environmental factors is complex and bidirectional, with each influencing and being influenced by the other. Understanding the interaction between genetic and environmental determinants is essential for a more holistic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. Therapeutic interventions that take into account both genetic and environmental factors may be more effective in promoting mental health and treating symptoms. Additionally, prevention strategies aimed at modifying environmental risk factors, such as early intervention programs and social support, can help reduce the incidence and severity of mental disorders. In conclusion, the interaction between genetic and environmental determinants plays a fundamental role in the etiology of mental disorders. Understanding this complex interaction can inform more effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies, thus promoting mental health and well-being.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Marcelus Motta Negreiros , Carlos Augusto da Conceição Sena Filho , Raissa Fernanda Maciel Gomes , Tiago Wanderley Queiroga Lira , Isabelle Laís Oliveira dos Santos Lira, César Felipe Sousa Rodrigues, Francisco José Pascoal Ribeiro Júnior, Elza de Araújo Dantas , Victor Faleiro Ferreira, Mariana Navarro Henriques Miranda , Arlon Gravatá Almeida Lima, Fabrício Mendes dos Santos , Marcus Vinícius Santos Mendes, Thiago Arruda Ramos Schroetter , Jorge Brian Cavalcante Portela de Almeida , José Leandro dos Santos
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