EVOLUÇÃO TEMPORAL DAS INTERNAÇÕES POR PNEUMONIA INFANTIL NO BRASIL: DADOS DE 2019 A 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/pbpc.v4i1.343Keywords:
Childhood Pneumonia, Hospitalizations, Regional Inequalities, COVID-19, Primary CareAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Childhood pneumonia is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In Brazil, despite advances in primary care and vaccination campaigns, the disease still represents a major public health challenge. This study analyzes the temporal evolution of hospitalizations for childhood pneumonia between 2019 and 2023, considering the five Brazilian regions, with the aim of identifying patterns, variations, and possible influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on these indicators. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze the rates of hospitalizations for childhood pneumonia in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: The retrospective study with a quantitative approach used data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), provided by the SUS Information Technology Department (TABNET/DATASUS). The analysis covered hospitalizations for childhood pneumonia in Brazil from January 2019 to December 2023, using descriptive statistics and tabulation in Microsoft Excel 2016 and Microsoft Word 10 spreadsheets. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The results indicated a sharp decrease in hospitalizations for childhood pneumonia in 2020, with 78,674 cases, reflecting the measures to contain COVID-19. From 2021 onwards, a progressive increase was observed, reaching 245,433 hospitalizations in 2023, exceeding the levels of 2019. The Southeast and Northeast regions concentrated most of the cases, reflecting regional inequalities and challenges in access to health and prevention. CONCLUSION: The analysis of hospitalizations for cholelithiasis and cholecystitis in Brazil between 2019 and 2023 highlights regional inequalities in access to health and in the prevalence of risk factors. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a temporary drop in cases, but the subsequent recovery reinforces the importance of public policies aimed at prevention and effective treatment, with a focus on regions most lacking in adequate infrastructure and medical services.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Rômulo Geisel Santos Medeiros, Thais Bethania Moreira Cunha Calixto, Danilo Cesar Nabarro de Oliveira , José Obenicio Pereira Marques , Nicole Innecco Machado, Luiza Gameleira Weinschenker, Renata Grazielly Mariz Silvestre, Caio Maia Martins de Souza, Bianca Farrell Rojas, Gabrielle Busnardo Steinheuser, Caroline Sonni Soster, Joelia Alves de Sousa, Gabriela Boemeke Pinto, Sabrine Bandeira Silveira, Maria Eduarda Rodrigues Carvalho, Ana Carolina Oliveira Diniz, Miguel Antônio Oliveira Santos
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