CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE RISCO E SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO EM TRAUMA E EMERGÊNCIA

Abstract

The objective was to analyze the nurse's contribution to risk classification and patient safety in the care of trauma victims in urgent and emergency contexts, with emphasis on pre-hospital care and articulation with intra-hospital care. This is an integrative literature review conducted by searching the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Google Scholar, and PubMed databases. Twelve studies were selected, with both qualitative and quantitative designs. The findings converge on the centrality of the nurse in structured triage using risk classification protocols, in primary assessment using ABCDE, in initial stabilization, and in the continuity of qualified care to the referral team, actions that support safe practices and mitigation of adverse events during transport and admission. It was evident that closed traumas, resulting from traffic accidents and falls, and open traumas from bladed weapons or firearms predominantly affect male patients. Competent action in pre-hospital care, with rapid decision-making, effective communication, and timely referral, proved crucial in reducing premature mortality and preventable complications, by integrating risk stratification, time-dependent interventions, and continuity of care.

Keywords: Polytrauma; Premature deaths; ABCDE diagnosis; Urgency and Emergency.