EFEITO DO USO DE ANTIBIÓTICOS NA INCIDÊNCIA E GRAVIDADE DA DIARREIA E DISENTERIA EM CRIANÇAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/pbpc.v4i2.453Keywords:
Palavras-chave: uso de antibióticos, diarreia infantil, azitromicina, resistência bacteriana.Abstract
Excessive use of antibiotics is a global health problem, especially in developing countries, as it increases the risk of superbugs and dysbiosis. Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of illness and death in children under 5 years old, and although rehydration is the treatment recommended by the WHO, antibiotics are often considered in cases of vulnerability. This study reviewed the literature on the use of antibiotics in the treatment of diarrhea in children, aiming to understand their advantages and risks. The review was a quantitative study registered in PROSPERO and conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Using the PICO strategy, the study investigated whether antibiotic use in children affects the severity of diarrhea. Three randomized clinical trials were analyzed. The results showed that azithromycin, evaluated in children aged 2 to 23 months, did not consistently reduce
mortality nor improve linear growth. However, in cases of diarrhea with probable bacterial origin, azithromycin reduced diarrhea persistence. In conclusion, the benefits of antibiotic use are limited and inconsistent. Rehydration and zinc supplementation remain the preferred treatment options, with antibiotics being reserved for specific cases of confirmed bacterial infection.
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REFERÊNCIAS
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Pavlinac, P. B.; Platts-Mills, J. A.; Liu, J.; Atlas, H. E.; Gratz, J.; Operario, D.; … Houpt, E. R.; ABCD Study Group. Azithromycin for Bacterial Watery Diarrhea: A Reanalysis of the AntiBiotics for Children With Severe Diarrhea (ABCD) Trial Incorporating Molecular Diagnostics. Journal of Infectious Diseases, v. 229, n. 4, p. 988-998, 2024. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad252.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Gilberto Melo Ramos Filho , Pedro Henrique Rodrigues Moura, Lucas Menegazzo Monteiro Ribeiro, Kaiky de Brito Reis, Matheus Majoel Henrique Silva, antonio marcos lices costa junior, Paulo Luiz Almeida de Brito, Francícero Rocha Lopes, Drª Érica Eugênio Lourenço Gontijo
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