INGESTÃO DE FERRO EM PESSOAS IDOSAS DA COMUNIDADE: O PAPEL DAS FARINHAS FORTIFICADAS E O IMPACTO DA RENDA

Abstract

Introduction: Older adults are at increased risk of nutritional deficiencies, including iron deficiency, an essential nutrient obtained exclusively through diet. Low iron levels are associated with fatigue, depressive symptoms, and cognitive impairment. Adequate iron intake is fundamental for healthy aging and may be influenced by sociodemographic factors. Objective: To assess iron intake among older adults living in the Campinas-SP region, its association with socioeconomic factors, and the main dietary sources of iron. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 individuals aged ≥60 years and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Campinas (CAAE: 51443321.0.0000.5404). Dietary intake was assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls. Usual iron intake was estimated based on the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) (men: 6.0 mg; women: 5.0 mg). Associations were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests (p<0.05). Results: A total of 128 individuals were included, of whom 98% presented adequate iron intake. Iron consumption was higher among men (14.6±4.2 mg; p<0.001) and participants with higher income (12.2±4.7 mg; p=0.031). Cereals and flours were the main dietary sources (28.6%). Conclusion: Most participants showed adequate iron intake, with cereals and flours as the main dietary sources, possibly reflecting the national flour fortification policy implemented in Brazil since 2002.