Neonatal prematurity associated with maternal systemic lupus erythematosus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-9432.2026v5n3p3127-3144Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that, when present during pregnancy, is associated with immunological and inflammatory changes capable of compromising fetal development and increasing the risk of neonatal prematurity and adverse perinatal outcomes. This study aims to analyze the relationship between SLE and the occurrence of premature births, examining its impacts both on the course of pregnancy and in the first days of the newborn's life.
METHODS: An integrative literature review was conducted, searching the PubMed, ProQuest, and LILACS databases, including studies published in the last 10 years, available in full and in English. Eighteen articles addressing the relationship between maternal SLE, neonatal prematurity, and perinatal outcomes were selected.
DISCUSSION: The findings show that maternal SLE is associated with increased prematurity, frequently resulting from systemic inflammatory activity, placental dysfunction, and the action of autoantibodies. A high frequency of pre-eclampsia, low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, and fetal death was observed. Prematurity is a multifactorial outcome, intensified by exacerbations of the disease. In addition, immunological alterations, such as Th17/Treg imbalance, contribute to neonatal morbidity and mortality.
CONCLUSION: Maternal SLE negatively influences gestational evolution, increasing the risk of prematurity and adverse outcomes. Adequate clinical control of the disease is crucial for better maternal-fetal outcomes, and specialized prenatal care is essential to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Key words: Premature newborn. High-risk pregnancy. Low birth weight newborn.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Maria Letícia de Araújo Cavalcante Sampaio, Ana Lívia Guedes de Sousa, Carlos Sérgio Batalha Filho, Emmily Rianne Freitas Tiburtino, Gabriela de Medeiros Lopes Martins, Igor Ihan Azevedo Barboza, Maria Gabrielle Caetano Fausto, Miguel Nunes Rodrigues Terceiro Neto, Natalia Maria da Conceição de Medeiros Bezerra, Rytta de Ksya Oliveira Lima, Vitorio Augusto Lopes De Freitas, Milena Nunes Alves de Sousa
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