ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DAS INTERNAÇÕES POR EMBOLIA PULMONAR NO BRASIL, ENTRE 2019 E 2023

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a critical condition resulting from the sudden introduction of one or more pulmonary arteries by blood clots originating from other parts of the body, such as the deep veins of the lower limbs. This clinical condition is a medical emergency due to the interruption of blood flow to the lungs, which can lead to respiratory and cardiac failure and even death. Rapid detection and treatment are essential to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with PE. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze international transaction rates for pulmonary embolism in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: The retrospective study with a quantitative approach used data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), provided by the SUS Information Technology Department (TABNET/DATASUS). The analysis covered hospitalizations for pulmonary embolism in Brazil from January 2019 to December 2023, using descriptive statistics and tabulation in Microsoft Excel 2016 and Microsoft Word 10 spreadsheets. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Between 2019 and 2023, the total number of hospitalizations for embolism lung disease in Brazil increased from 10,092 to 12,794, reflecting a consistent increase in hospitalization rates. The Southeast Region had the highest number of cases, totaling 30,121 hospitalizations, while the North Region, with 958 hospitalizations in total, had the lowest absolute number, but with notable growth over the years. These regional variations highlight the need for differentiated approaches to the management and prevention of pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSION: An analysis of hospitalizations for pulmonary embolism in Brazil between 2019 and 2023 reveals a general increase in hospitalization rates, with specific regional variations. While regions with better infrastructure, such as the Southeast and South, show stable management, areas such as the North and Central-West show notable increases. These disparities highlight the need to strengthen healthcare infrastructure and promote equity in access to care to improve the management and prevention of pulmonary embolism across the country.