Análise epidemiológica da Morbidade Hospitalar do Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio em Idosos no Brasil: Tendências Recentes (2019-2023)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) results from the sudden interruption of blood flow to the heart, causing death of cardiac tissue. With the aging of the Brazilian population, AMI in the elderly becomes a growing concern for public health, requiring effective management and prevention strategies. This study analyzes hospital admissions, costs and demographic characteristics of AMI in the elderly in Brazil, with the aim of informing health policies to reduce its impact on the elderly population. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze hospital morbidity from AMI in the elderly in Brazil over the last 5 years, with emphasis on distribution by age group, patient sex, types of care and hospital costs. METHODOLOGY: This is a quantitative retrospective study using data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), accessed via the TABNET/DATASUS secondary database. Hospitalizations, age group, patient sex, types of care and hospital costs due to child malnutrition in Brazil between January 2019 and December 2023 were analyzed. The analysis used descriptive statistics and tabulation in a Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet, with presentation of the results in tables in Microsoft Word 10. RESULTS: The data reveals that the Southeast region has the highest number of hospitalizations for AMI in the elderly, with 225,790 cases, reflecting a high demand for hospital services, totaling R$801,340,552.51. The Southeast region also leads in terms of hospitalizations by age group, with a predominance of 60 to 69 years old. Males are more prevalent in all regions, with the majority of cases occurring in emergencies. The total value of hospital services is R$1,626,190,296.88, showing a high cost for the health system. CONCLUSION: The analysis of hospitalizations for AMI in the elderly in Brazil between 2019 and 2023 reveals significant regional disparities. The Southeast Region leads in hospitalizations and costs, while the North Region has lower numbers, reflecting challenges in infrastructure and access to healthcare. The high rate of emergency room visits highlights the need to improve AMI prevention and management. Regional inequalities indicate the urgency of more adapted and equitable health policies.