CONHECIMENTO TEÓRICO-PRÁTICO SOBRE PRIMEIROS SOCORROS NO AMBIENTE ESCOLAR: UM ESTUDO EM SÃO LUÍS E PAÇO DO LUMIAR, MARANHÃO, BRASIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-9432.2026v5n2p787-803Keywords:
Saúde Escolar; Obstrução das Vias Aéreas; Capacitação Profissional; Maranhão (Brasil)Abstract
The increase in choking incidents in Brazil, particularly among children, highlights in a concerning manner the need for continuous first aid training within the school environment. Law No. 13,722/2018, known as the Lucas Law, established mandatory guidelines for the training of teachers and staff in educational institutions. However, despite this regulatory advancement, significant challenges remain regarding the practical and effective implementation of these measures, especially in public schools located in socially vulnerable areas.
This study aimed to analyze the theoretical and practical knowledge of professionals working in daycare centers and municipal schools in São Luís and Paço do Lumiar regarding initial emergency care, with emphasis on Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO), one of the leading causes of severe accidents and preventable deaths in childhood.
This research was classified as a mixed-method (qualitative–quantitative) approach and involved 193 professionals during a training program offered by the State Department of Education (SEDUC) in partnership with the Maranhão Military Fire Department (CBMMA). Data were collected through electronic and printed forms, enabling analysis of participants’ profiles, perceptions, and levels of preparedness.
The results revealed significant deficiencies: 62% of participants did not feel prepared to respond to any type of emergency; 74% were unfamiliar with the Emergency Action Plan (EAP); and 73% did not have access to a Pre-Hospital Care (PHC) kit within their school units. The technical assessment conducted by instructors confirmed the participants’ low level of practical competence during simulated activities.
The findings demonstrate the urgent need for continuous investment in training, protocol development, and physical infrastructure improvements in schools, particularly in socially vulnerable territories. It is concluded that strengthening first aid education is essential to ensure an immediate, safe, and effective response to emergencies in the school environment, thereby contributing to life protection and the reduction of risks associated with childhood accidents.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Hiana Cristina Silva de Carvalho , Zulimar Márita Ribeiro Rodrigues, Carlos David Veiga França, Mariana Rios da Silva, Carlos Gustavo Martins Silva, Angélica Christina Pinto Ferreira Veiga, Victor Matos Martins, Wanderson Braga dos Santos, Jorge de Jesus Passinho Segundo, José Henrique Medeiros Nascimento, Wellington Cardoso da Silva , Maria Amália Trindade de Casto, Scarlett O'Hara da Conceição Silva
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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